Volcanoes: Definition, Types, & Facts Volcanoes referred to landforms created by the accumulation of solidified lava and volcanic detritus near the vent. In simple words, a volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, like Earth, by which hot lava, gases, and volcanic ash escape from the Read more…
Continental Drift Theory Continental Drift Theory: Abraham Ortelius first put forward the speculation that the continent might have ‘drifted’ in 1596. The first comprehensive and fully developed Continental Drift Theory was proposed by a German meteorologist, Alfred Wegener in 1912. Alfred Wegener was the first person who used the phrase Read more…
Metamorphic rocks – Types and Characteristics Introduction: Metamorphic rocks are formed by the transformation of pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary) to a new type of rock and then followed by the process called metamorphism. The pre-existing rock is subjected to high temperatures (greater than 150 to 200 °C), and high pressure, Read more…
Sedimentary rocks Sedimentary rocks are a type of rock formed by the accumulation or deposition of organic particles or minerals and their consolidation at the earth’s surface. The whole process of formation of these rocks is called sedimentation. Types of Sedimentary Rocks These rocks are of the following types: Argillaceous Read more…
The Rocks- Igneous Rocks: Introduction: Rocks are naturally occurring solid masses. These are aggregates of minerals like feldspars, micas, amphiboles, pyroxenes, olivine, quartz, calcite, dolomite, clays, and gypsum. Some rocks also contain mineraloids, which are rigid, mineral-like substances, like volcanic glass, lacking crystalline structure. Rocks form the outer solid layer, Read more…