Washington Consensus

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Reforms of Washington Consensus

Washington Consensus The term Washington Consensus was first used by English economist John Williamson in 1989. Washington Consensus is a set of free-market economic reform policies suggested by the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and the US Department of the treasury. As all the institutions were based in Washington so the policy prescription was called Washington Consensus by John Williamson. It was for the developing countries faced with the economic crisis. The Washington Consensus recommended structural reforms, in the free market promoting policies in such areas as macroeconomic stabilization, economic…

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Economics: Economic Systems and Sectors in Economy

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Economics

Economics: A Brief Introduction of Economic Systems and Sectors in Economy Adam Smith is known as the father of Economics. Definition of economics: The term economics comes from the Greek term ‘Oikonomia’ which is composed of Oikos (house) and nomos (custom or law) meaning the rules of the household. Economics studies the ‘economic activities’ of human beings. Economics is a social science that studies economic activities to gain an understanding of the processes that govern the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in an economy. However, it has…

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Agricultural systems in the world: A brief introduction

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Agricultural systems in the world: A brief introduction

Agricultural systems in the world: A brief introduction of agricultural systems definition of Agriculture: Farming or agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. It played a very important role in the development of human civilization. The development of agriculture enabled the human population to grow many times larger than could be sustained by hunting and gathering. A brief of the main agricultural systems in the world: There are various agricultural systems in the world, practiced under multiple combinations of physical and socioeconomic conditions. On the basis of methods…

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Nobel Prize 2022; the list of Nobel laureates

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the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.

Nobel Prize 2022 The Nobel Prize and the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel were awarded 615 times to 989 people and organizations, between 1901 and 2022. As some received the Nobel prize more than once, this makes a total of 954 individuals and 27 organizations. The First Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, and they have been awarded annually since then. The Nobel Prizes have not been awarded during world war I (1914-1918) and II (1938-1945). The Nobel Prizes were designated in the will…

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Human geography: Nature and scope

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Human geography: Nature and scope

Human geography: Nature and scope Human geography deals with the relationship between the physical/natural and the human worlds, the spatial distribution of human phenomena and how they come about, and the social and economic differences between different parts of the world. What is spatial distribution? Spatial distribution in statistics is the arrangement of the phenomenon across the Earth’s surface and the graphical display of such an arrangement is an important tool in geographical and environmental statistics. Definitions of Human geography: Human geography is the synthetic study of the relationship between…

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Human Development Index (HDI) 2021-22

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Top HDI countries - Top 10 ranked countries in Human Developmnet Index

Human Development Index (HDI) 2021-22 Human Development Index (HDI) 2021-22 Release date: 8 September 2022 Released by the Human Development Report Office (HDRO)of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Switzerland ranked first in HDI 2021 with an HDI value of 0.962 India ranked 132 in HDI with a value of 0.633 among 191 countries South Sudan is in the last 191st position with an HDI score of 0.385. About: The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) introduced the HDI in its first Human Development Report (HDR) prepared under the stewardship of…

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PM SHRI Schools

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PM SHRI Schools - Central Government Scheme Mind map

PM SHRI Schools (Prime Minister Schools for Rising India) Release date of PM SHRI scheme: On the occasion of Teachers’ Day Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi announced PM SHRI Schools. Teachers’ Day is celebrated in India on the 5th of September every year. Introduction and Aim of PM SHRI: PM SHRI (Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India) is a centrally sponsored scheme that aims to transform 14,500 government schools across the country into a showcase of the new National Education Policy (NEP). PM SHRI will provide high-quality education in an…

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Important National and International Days

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Important National and Internation Days UPSC EXAMS

Important National and International Days Date Event/Day January 4th January International World Braille Day 6th January World Day – War Orphans 9th January Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas 10th January World Hindi Day 11th January National Human Trafficking Awareness Day 12th January National Youth Day (India) 15th January Army Day (India) 16th January National Start-up Day 17th January World Religion Day 23rd January Parakram Diwas (Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Jayanti) 24th January National Girl Child Day (India) 25th January Tourism Day National Voters Day 26th January Republic Day (India) 27th January International…

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Continent Africa

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Africa physical map with desrts highlands

Continent Africa Continent Africa is the second largest continent in terms of area after Asia. It covers an area of 30,065,000 sq. km. It is also the second most populous continent after Asia. It covers 6% of Earth’s total area and 20% of its land area. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez, and the Red Sea to the Northeast. The Indian Ocean to the Southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west of Africa. Africa is separated from Asia by the…

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Buddhism: Teaching, Spread, and Causes for Decline

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Mind Map of Buddhism

Buddhism: Teaching, Spread, Causes for Decline and contribution to Indian Culture Causes of origin of Buddhism: The complex rituals and sacrifices during the later Vedic period were not acceptable to common people. Expansive Sacrificial ceremonies. The confusion of people about the ‘superstitious beliefs and mantras’. The highly philosophical nature of the teaching of Upanishads which were not easily understood by all. Complex languages of these religious teaching. The teaching language of Buddha was simple and easily understood by people. Other regions also played a significant role in the growth of…

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