Important discoveries in physics and names of physicists
A list of Scientists and their discoveries are given in the table:
| Name of Physicist | Major discovery/ Contribution | Country of Origin |
| Archimedes | Principle of buoyancy: The principle states that the upward buoyant force exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. Principle of the lever |
Greece |
| Galileo Galilei | Law of inertia | Italy |
| Christiaan Huygens | Wave theory of light: According to Huygens, every point that a luminous disturbance meets turns into a source of the spherical wave itself. The sum of the secondary waves (are the result of disturbance), determines the form of the new wave. | Holland |
| Isaac Newton | The universal law of gravitation –
Laws of motion; Reflecting telescope |
U.K |
| Michael Faraday | Laws of electromagnetic induction | U.K |
| James Clerk Maxwell | Electromagnetic theory;
Light as an electromagnetic wave |
U.K |
| Heinrich Rudolf Hertz | Generation of electromagnetic waves | Germany |
| J.C. Bose | Ultra short radio waves | India |
| W.K Roentgen | X-rays | Germany |
| J.J. Thomson | Electron | U.K |
| Marie Sklodowska Curie | Discovery of radium and polonium; Studied on natural radioactivity |
Poland |
| Albert Einstein | Explanation of photoelectric effect;
Theory of relativity |
Germany |
| Victor Francis Hess | Cosmic radiation | Austria |
| R.A. Millikan | Measurement of electronic charge | U.S.A |
| Earnest Rutherford | Nuclear model of an atom | New Zealand |
| Neils Bohr | Quantum model of the hydrogen atom | Denmark |
| C.V. Raman | Inelastic scattering of light by molecules | India |
| Louis Victor de Borglie | Wave nature of matter | France |
| M.N. Saha | Thermal ionization | India |
| S.N. Bose | Quantum statistic | India |
| Wolfgang Pauli | Exclusion principle | Austria |
| Enrico Fermi | Controlled nuclear fission | Italy |
| Werner Heisenberg | Quantum mechanics; Uncertainty principle |
Germany |
| Paul Dirac | Relativistic theory of electron;
Quantum statistics |
U.K |
| Edwin Hubble | Expanding universe | U.S.A |
| Ernest Orlando Lawrence | Cyclotron | U.S.A |
| James Chadwick | Neutron | U.K |
| Hideki Yukawa | Theory of nuclear forces | Japan |
| Homi Jehangir Bhabha | Cascade process of cosmic radiation | India |
| Lev Davidovich Landau | Theory of condensed matter; Liquid helium |
Russia |
| S. Chandrasekhar | Chandrasekhar limit, Structure, and evolution of stars | India |
| John Bardeen | Transistors;
Theory of superconductivity; |
U.S.A |
| C.H. Townes | Maser;
Laser |
U.S.A |
| Abdus Salam | Unification of weak and electromagnetic interaction | Pakistan |
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NOBEL PRIZE 2021 - PCSSTUDIES - Current Affaires · February 23, 2022 at 4:58 pm
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